Interjections can stand alone as minor sentences, punctuated with a period, exclamation point, or question mark. Joined: May 14, 2009. My WPF application is reading a text file and populating a listbox. g. Hyphens are used to create compound words like: Load-bearing; Well-loved; Great-looking; Less-commonly used punctuation marks Interrobang. The en dash will appear in the text field where your cursor is. However, it depends on the usage and meaning. Most of the time you will see a space before and after this dash. Some word processing programs read the two hyphens automatically as the single mark of punctuation known as. Original text in html page Click the Edit button to change a field's label, width and type-ahead options Replace text in html page Click the Edit button to change a. Signo de exclamación (Exclamation Point) 8. No comma is implied. This appears when you move the pointer over the corrected hyphen. These marks are available in most word processors, though many people simply use single and double quotation marks: 5’ 10”. And Words into Type, third edition (1974), without referring explicitly to dashes, also agrees: Direct questions. [Emphasis mine. These marks are available in most word processors, though many people simply use single and double quotation marks: 5’ 10”. W he n u sed i n pl a ce o f p a rentheses at t he end of a sentence, only a single dash is used. It looks like this: — It’s called an em dash because its width is about the same as a lower-case letter em (m). While the ellipsis and the dash both represent breaks in text, the dash—or more precisely, the em dash —represents an abrupt interruption. Em Dashes. It’s a long dash, the length of two connected hyphens. A dash (em dash) is emphatic. Em dashes. ” Stutters, Stammers, and Pauses. ”. The en dash, which is slightly shorter, and the em dash, which is the one you can see in the previous paragraph. The August–September issue of a magazine. [Emphasis mine. For Windows, press Ctrl+Alt +Minus (-) or Alt+0151. I agree that it should try to match the size of the missing word. a. dashes. The most common types of dashes are the en dash (–) and the em dash (—). Both spellings are many centuries old, and neither spelling was clearly prevalent on either side of the Atlantic until the second half of the 18th century. Just like in narrative, dashes can be used in dialogue to set off clauses within sentences. ’ — Eleanor Roosevelt. Although these punctuation marks look similar at a glance, they are actually distinct punctuation marks with specific intended uses and with distinct unicode character values. In short: the em-dash cannot be used in Spanish like any of those English examples, except perhaps 2(a). Follow the end quotation mark with an em dash and the action or thought and then another em dash. The main difference between them is that at least some. It was originally a humorous and slightly sanitized version of the curse word, but it has become the standard form. An alternative way of displaying speech is via the em dash. Being so versatile can create confusion if overused, therefore it is best limited to two appearances per sentence. But instead of eating the period, the em dash will completely bail when they’re about to meet up. (An em dash, or long dash, is used: in pairs, to mark off information or ideas that are not essential to an. Em-dashes in Place of a Semicolon. Em Dashes The em dash is the longest line among these marks of punctuation (—). Another way to create them is to press and hold Alt and type 0151 on a Windows device or select Option, Shift, and the hyphen key ( ‐) on a Mac. Notwithstanding its versatility, the em dash is best limited to two appearances per sentence. However I run into a bump with special characters like curly quotes en and em dashes etc. Here’s a trick to help you remember which is which. Who doesn’t like dashes as emphasis techniques? Just consider the. I have to warn them—no, no what am I doing? An ellipses indicates omission, which is what I think you are looking for. S. (If you do, up vote that answer. Quotation from wiki ( Em dash) When an actual em dash is unavailable—as in the ASCII character set—a double ("--") or triple hyphen-minus ("---") is used. The dash is a great way to indicate an abrupt change of thought or a parenthetical statement, and sometimes this may be useful after a question is complete. The em dash is treated like a question mark or an exclamation mark, which are both followed by the closing. Dashes. The report covers the period 1998–1999. Deploy single quote marks used for quotes within dialogue. 4. Use a dash in dialogue to show an interruption or a sudden break in thought. The standard English punctuation is as follows: period, comma, apostrophe, quotation, question, exclamation, brackets, braces, parenthesis, dash, hyphen, ellipsis, colon, semicolon. In French, the period is not used after abbreviations of measurement: 25 m (mètres), 12 min (minutes), etc. Who doesn’t like dashes as emphasis techniques? Just consider the following guidelines: • Note that em-dashes are more emphatic than commas. As shown above, em dashes are often left unspaced when used in this way. Windows. If you want to make your writing easier to read and generally look more professional, you should know what. g. British authors often prefer to use an en-dash ( – ) with spaces on either side rather than the em. Within moments of our first interaction — over. The em dash is perhaps the most versatile punctuation mark. em-dash — Long hyphen (—) named em-dash because the dash historically is the length of a lowercase m. The em dash is used to represent how the first speaker is being interrupted by the second. En Dash vs. Upon firing the company’s non-salaried employees—and. To insert an interjection in the middle of a sentence, place one em dash on both sides of the interjected phrase. Select the Replace, Replace All, or Find Next button (see figure 6). Adashisthe punctuation name for a mark that used to separate words into statements. g. It’s not interchangeable with other types of dashes. . These punctuation marks may fall outside of the closing quotation mark in some cases. " I know you can replace em dashes with — and n-dashes with – (which should be done on the input side of your database); I don't know what the correct replacement for the smart quotes would be. — Este libro es mío. Typesetters will most likely try to track you down and beat you to death if they discover you're using the wrong term :-) Share. Other Types of Dash. Some writers even use three or more exclamation points, lest the reader not fully grasp the significance of what is being said. Em dashes are used to replace commas, parentheses, colons, and semicolons. Em dashes are most often used in pairs to call a reader’s attention to the material they set off, making words, phrases, or clauses particularly dramatic or emotional. The British practice (followed in most of the world) is to put the. (Note that AP style does not use en-dashes. Minus Sign: −. The good news is that the ACT isn’t going to test you on the differences between the two. Always follow the punctuation rules in formal writing to make your work clearer and more readable. Esempi: When the course finally started — nearly two months after it was organized — the student could not attend. g. Write with Grammarly What is an em dash? Em dashes differ from other hyphens and dashes not only in usage, which we will discuss shortly, but also in appearance. To insert an em dash in MS Word, you must: Type a word (don’t put a space after it) Type two hyphens. Very heavy reverse solidus. There are two alternatives: (1) shitted, which appears about once for every instance of shat; and (2) shit, uninflected in the past tense. Like parentheses, the em dash can set off nonessential elements; but it does the parentheses one better—it can also set off essential elements. The English language has several easily-confused horizontal-line punctuation symbols: Hyphen: –. And when em dashes are setting off material that requires a punctuation mark like a question mark or exclamation. There are enough exceptions to this general rule, however, to warrant the following chart, which shows nearly all of the scenarios you are likely to face. (Check out more punctuation. Do not use the first one to mean a dash; it never does. Mingo Evil Flamingo, Feb 21, 2010 #3. Technically the question mark is a full stop and, like an exclamation point, has its own. That doesn't change the fact that in 60 years of reading, I've never come across a trust-worthy writer using any dash directly after a comma, nor. SQL*Plus inherits character set from. This measurement is. Depending on the context, the em dash can take the place of commas, parentheses, or colons —in each case to slightly different effect. The above shortcuts are all valid ways you can use to type the em. Few keyboards have a dash, but a word processor can usually produce one in one way or another. Infographic: How to use an em dash. Francisco Santa Cruz, Strategic Communication – Advertising and Public Relations major with a minor in Mathematics; Em dash. I agree that it should try to match the size of the missing word. Dashes and hyphens. MLA doesn't touch on more than 2 subtitles; however, there is a syntax for a work with more than one title which makes use of ; or, as the delimiter, so perhaps stay away from using semicolons. The other everyday use for em dashes—the one I use most—is to mark a break in thought within a sentence. An ellipsis here would show a delayed change in thought and is not correct. 1973. Go to the system preferences and choose "Language & Text". A space is used before and after the en-dash when used in literary copy. Don’t be confused: punctuation can change!) Also, em dashes don’t get along with periods at all. 3. To illustrate, I’m going to reproduce the first sentence of this paragraph, but with a semicolon: 'Break/Fold Mark'. QUESTION MARK U+003F: Po, other Common @ COMMERCIAL AT U+0040: Po, other Common REVERSE SOLIDUS U+005C: Po,. The second option likens the word to verbs like fit and knit, which are usually uninflected. An ellipsis may be preceded or followed by other punctuation. The punctuation mark should not be confused with dashes (–, —), which are. Or you can create an em dash by typing Ctrl+alt+minus on your number pad. Some word-processing programs have a mark called an em-dash (longer than a hyphen), which can be used with no space before or after it. En dashes have a space on either side of the dash – like this. The ellipsis suggests that Isaac cannot concentrate. Interrupters—like this right here—are words, phrases, or clauses that break the flow of writing. So, they cannot be linked by comma (Commas are only used to link a dependent and an independent clause). In general it is the same length as an em-dash, and so this is often used instead. And Words into Type, third edition (1974), without referring explicitly to dashes, also agrees: Direct questions. It is longer than a hyphen (-) or an en dash (–). The general rule is that a sentence ends with only one terminal punctuation mark. A hyphen (-) is a punctuation mark that’s used to join words or parts of words. For a fuller understanding of the em dash, I quote the CMOS Online in full:7. Use em dashes to do the following: Set off explanatory. Usage: The em dash is used to indicate interruptions, emphasize elements, set off appositives, replace colons or semicolons, or create breaks in sentence flow. It gets its name from its size which is the. The em dash triggers readers’ brains to insert a slightly longer pause, which can aid in reading comprehension. — Question Mark. Use an em dash to mark sharp turns in thought. Dashes are generally more abrupt and can signify a rapid change of topic. So:Figure 1. In Arabic, which is also written from right. Guion y raya (Hyphen and Em-dash) 9. Improve this answer. A hyphen (-) is shorter still. Use the en dash ("short dash") to join inclusive numbers:. Like commas and parentheses, em dashes often set off descriptive or parenthetical information. Although the en dash and em dash are the most commonly used types of dashes, there is another type of dash called the 3-em dash (the size of three em dashes). This eliminates option B. Discussion in 'Word Mechanics' started by Bone2pick, Dec 12, 2022. nouns followed by numerals or letters. APPLICATION. On a typewriter, a comma or a period takes the same amount of space as any other letter. The en dash also signifies an abrupt change. It indicates that the width of a printed matter is equal to its point size or height. Type this sign on Mac, press and hold the Command (⌘) key and the hit the M key. U+1F67D. Mac. NVDA is the least likely. SQL Developer is Java based which does not use NLS_LANG settings but SQL*Plus does, so you have to set NLS_LANG properly. The em dash is even longer and is used in place of a comma, parenthesis, or colon for emphasis. En dashes (–) represent a range between numbers, dates, and times. 7 p. The em dash is also used for denoting an incomplete speech. Imagine someone saying the line, rather than it being inner monologue. But in that case the dash is supposed to be the length of the omitted word, not just a mere em-dash. And an example:There are 14 punctuation marks that are used in the English language. The raya is used to clarify something, in a similar way to parentheses. The San Diego–Las Vegas flight is on time. Imagine someone saying the line, rather than it being inner monologue. An en dash is. ”. While the em dash is used to indicate a sudden break or interruption in a sentence, the en dash is primarily used to show a range or connection between two elements. A hyphen. Otherwise, confusion rather than clarity is likely. Don’t use end quotes between paragraphs of speech. En Dash: –. This little symbol is beloved. Spaniards actually have a bit of a hard time when learning those alternative uses in. The Manual of Style explains the differences between the hyphen and four types of dashes. Note, however, that if the quoted material itself ends with a question mark or exclamation point, the. Em dash shortcut 3 (Mac): If you are on mac, below is a shortcut to help you type the em dash sign in Word. There should be no space between the en dash and the adjacent material. There is one piece of good news related to this subject, though. And an example:There are 14 punctuation marks that are used in the English language. An em dash is often used to indicate a break in thought in a sentence. A colon is quieter; a dash is more emphatic and dramatic. Two hyphens typed together form a dash: (--). In Spanish, the en-dash is not widely used although, due to English influence, its use has become rather common nowadays. 1. The em dash, or long dash, is the only punctuation mark on a keyboard that. Modern Japanese uses the question mark in the same way English speakers do to denote a question, be it typed or handwritten. The employee—hoping to go home early—rushed her tasks. The em dash can be used in place of commas, colons, semicolons, and parentheses to increase sentence variety and readability. Formally, this job is reserved for the em dash, but there is some leniency in use depending on the publisher. The dash works somewhat like parentheses or commas, but it is used where a stronger punctuation is needed. It is a versatile punctuation mark that can take the place of commas, parentheses, colons, and semicolons in sentences. First, there are two kinds of dashes, called en dashes and em dashes. But the most important use of dashes in dialogue is to show one speaker interrupting another. En-dash: An en-dash is wider than a hyphen but narrower than an em-dash. e. Examples: James opened the door and was surprised to see her. Dashes are used to separate groups of words, not to separate parts of words like a hyphen does. On a Mac: En dash—press option+hyphen key. Em dashes are used to set off elements of text with internal punctuation, and en dashes to indicate a numerical range or hyphenate an open compound: The library is organized so that any question—whether technical, reference, or circulation—can be answered by staff. The misplacement of periods and commas is the most common mistake writers make when punctuating dialogue. It is shorter than an em-dash and longer than a hyphen. EM-DASH (–) – with this punctuation mark, you can introduce an explanation or specification, make a break in thought, or separate two parts of the sentence. To insert an em dash in MS Word, you must: Type a word (don’t put a space after it) Type two hyphens. You can use such punctuation as periods, commas, semi-colons, colons, parentheses, brackets, quotation marks, dashes, exclamation points, question marks and some others. But it is necessary first to make the difference between a hyphen, and an em dash vs en dash. There is a space before the first period and after the last period. &bull First item in the list. The en dash (–) → which is like a slightly longer hyphen. When you use AutoCorrect Options, you can also click Stop Automatically Creating Dashes, or click Control AutoCorrect Options to open the AutoCorrect dialog box. True, I could work around this sentence construction entirely, although it would impact the pacing. 2, Period, Question Mark, Exclamation Point, Question Mark, Placement], is never combined with another exclamation point, question mark, period, semicolon, colon, or comma; thus, there is no comma in the first example below. k. “This is my book,” said María calmly. It's a completely different use case. The em dash is created by typing two hyphens on a computer keyboard. The em is the longest in the dash suite. Perhaps the most versatile punctuation mark, the em dash can take the place of commas, parentheses, or colons. En dashes are incredibly useful punctuation marks, used to add extra emphasis to a sentence or statement. Punctuation Marks Wheel : This 2-page print-out makes a punctuation marks wheel; it consists of a base page together with a wheel that spins around. For example: The company’s profits have been steadily declining over the past year — a trend that is cause for concern. I tried using sharpkeys but it wouldn't let me use a chord, only single key press. Enclose the first part of the dialogue in quotation marks but omit the comma. It doesn't. Thus, an em dash in 9-point type is as long as the height of a. If you’re looking for the answer — or just wondering what an em dash is — learn how (and when) to use an em dash correctly here. The em dash shows the break in thought and is clean and abrupt. In something called an appositive—a phrase that provides more information—you can use an em dash instead. When typing, use two hyphens together without spaces to form a dash. Note: When the second clause expands on or explains the first, the colon is the better mark. If the list follows the independent clause, it is best to use a colon instead. 2. Examples. If your teacher says not to use it then do not use it for work that is submitted to your teacher. eg What would be more gratifying than being able to help a child in the use of what Vygotsky considered one of man’s greatest tools? Language! I'm sure others will come to offer advice about the em-dash version, if you prefer that. (stenoscript) The dash may be written low, along the baseline, or high, at x-height, as convenient for whichever letters it links to. Look at my use of em dashes in this post, aside from the previous sentence. An em dash can also mark dialogue, signify an interruption, indicate a sudden break in thought, and introduce a list. Should a question mark be used after an em dash that abruptly ends a sentence? Ask Question Asked 1 year, 4 months ago Modified 4 months ago Viewed 168 times 4 I. The – is called an en dash. Some authorities include a space between the uncertain word and the opening parenthesis; others omit the space (as shown in the example below). 1月—7月 "January to July", which can also be written 1月到7月, with the character 到 in place of the dash). Household appliances such as refrigerators and microwaves are. En dashes are slightly shorter than an em dash and are used to connect numbers and words: 2000–2020, Paris–London, the score was 5–3. Examples: 2009–2019. Should a question mark be used after an em dash that abruptly ends a sentence? Ask Question Asked 1 year, 2 months ago Modified 2 months ago Viewed 164 times 4 I looked through a number of the site's questions to find an answer to my problem. Option C is eliminated because there must be some punctuation for linking. ”. The president’s speech both began and ended with the word “freedom. ” En-dashes are mandatory only for public documents. I think the real question is whether it's allowed. Your example is (almost) a perfect illustration. Enclose the first part of the dialogue in quotation marks but omit the comma. Em dash —, in Windows, with the number keypad: Alt (hold)+ 0 1 5 1. There's no shortcut and the only way to do it on a keyboard is to type the em dash alt code (Alt + 0151) or the en dash alt code (Alt + 0150). hphen – en dash – em dash — 2-em dash —— 3-em dash ———. While closely related to other dashes—like the en dash (–) and hyphen (-)—the em dash serves a unique role in typography. If you're including terminal punctuation (period, question mark, exclamation mark), your speaker's sentence isn't being interrupted, so you wouldn't use em dashes at all. -Em dashes mark an interruption or break in thought. Actual output : 1993 1995 Expected output : 1993 – 1995 I have done the UTF-8 encoding in Java but still getting the same output in the excel. TWO-EM DASH U+2E3A: Pd, dash Common ⸻ THREE-EM DASH U+2E3B: Pd, dash Common ⹀ DOUBLE HYPHEN U+2E40: Pd, dash Common 〜 WAVE DASH U+301C: Pd, dash Common 〰 WAVY DASH. Once again, the em-dash adds more emphasis than the traditional punctuation mark. This type of dash is used to indicate a range, especially between numerical quantities like scores and dates. To be effective, the exclamation point should be used in moderation. The en dash will appear in the text field where your cursor is. Any grammer Nazi's out there that have the answer, please do so ASAP. Don’t put any spaces before and. When listing information, you may use the em dash between the list and independent clause when the list comes first. However, they are meant to be used for different purposes: an en dash (–) is most often used to indicate ranges, while an em dash (—) is used to mark breaks within a sentence. , the India–Pakistan issue) To extend sentences just like colons, semicolons, and three dots (e. 1 Answer. fiscal year 2020–21. is omitted in deference to the question mark". Learn how to use em dashes in a sentence with these examples and best practices. The shift from em dash to en dash reflects contemporary writing practice and the new focus on digital content. That's it! Now, your ugly text messages at least won't break code or URLs. style guides frequently recommend using em dashes for the purposes above, while using en dashes for ranges, etc. AP style calls for a space on both sides of an em dash, but most other styles, including MLA and APA, omit the spaces. Though not necessarily a matter of punctuation, there is one important distinction between American and British usage when it comes to dates. If the information in parentheses has a question mark or an exclamation mark, use the punctuation mark inside the parentheses only if the sentence ends with a different mark. Chicago 6. Like commas and parentheses, em dashes often set off descriptive or parenthetical information. " I know you can replace em dashes with — and n-dashes with – (which should be done on the input side of your database); I don't know what the correct replacement for the smart quotes would be. I now seem to be able to do this if I type a character - any character - after the dash, then type the curly end quote mark, and then backspace. Em dashes for interruptions: Use em dashes when you are interrupting the main idea of a sentence. Microsoft Word shows the em dash as soon you press enter after finishing the. A numeric character reference in hexadecimal format. Em dash—hold down the Alt key and type 0151 on the numeric keypad. How to implement sentence case. If you're including terminal punctuation (period, question mark, exclamation mark), your speaker's sentence isn't being interrupted, so you wouldn't use em dashes at all. The comma is the punctuation mark most likely to cause angst. When print spacing or font types make it difficult to determine the length of the line, remember that hyphens join words and word parts together and dashes separate thoughts or ideas. ago • Edited 2 yr. On a Mac. "-", the line in notepad will look like this for e. Proper use of punctuation marks can greatly enhance the readability and effectiveness of written communication. Windows. Examples. paxdiablo. The em dash is a versatile punctuation mark that can be used in both formal and informal writing. Em dashes can be used to. For windows, you can hold down the ‘Alt’ and ‘-‘ key and you will get an en dash. In Unicode, the em dash is U+2014 (decimal 8212). This will insert the em dash symbol into your Word document. APPLICATION. Aether (or æther) is an obsolete spelling of the noun with various definitions relating to air, chemical compounds, and nonexistent clear elements filling outer space. . Dashes create urgency. The text won't look as good, but realistically, most people won't notice. ”. For Windows, press Ctrl+Alt +Minus (-) or Alt+0151. The correct use of em-dashes and ellipses. g. An em dash represents a longer pause—a bigger break—than a comma. Two types of dashes are used in punctuation: the em-dash (—) and the en-dash (–). First type a period (or question mark or exclamation mark) immediately after the word before the ellipsis; then type three spaced ellipsis points. And you wouldn't have to do any kind of terminal punctuation, no need for a period or a question mark or an exclamation point. The most common versions are the en dash –, generally longer than the hyphen but shorter than the minus sign; the em dash —, longer than either the en dash or the minus sign; and the. The en dash is a symbol (–) that is slightly wider than a hyphen (-). Trademark ™ : ALT 0153;There are three types of dashes in writing used to convey different ideas in an engaging way. ” The answer given does not answer his question. It has three primary functions: to connect two words and make them into a compound, to separate parts of a word at the end of a line, and to separate a prefix or suffix from a root word. What Are Dashes? – or — There are two types of dashes: en dashes and em dashes. 27, 2015. Em dashes also substitute for something missing. Mac. The Unicode standard introduced a separate character U+2015 ― HORIZONTAL BAR to be used as a quotation dash. En dash ( –) When connecting two words to signify a range, Chinese generally uses an en dash occupying the space of one character (e. To punctuate dialogue correctly, there are a few rules you should know: The correct use of quotation marks. When Your Punctuation Says It All (!) 364. The main reason to use an em dash is to set off an explanation or an abrupt change in thought. An em dash or a pair of em dashes may indicate a sudden break in thought or sentence structure or an interruption in dialogue. Hold down the Alt key, press 0 1 5 0 on the numeric pad, and then release the Alt key. This method can get messy if you have more than two speakers in a conversation, so use it with care. It can be used to separate the elements of a date: 10 septembre 1973 = 10. An em dash or a pair of em dashes may indicate a sudden break in thought or sentence structure or an interruption in dialogue. pages 11–23.